แบบฝึกหัดแยกแยะ part of speech - Adjective, Noun, Verb
สวัสดีครับ
การรู้จักแยกแยะชนิดของคำ หรือ part of speech มีประโยชน์มาก เพราะทำให้เรารู้จักหน้าที่ของคำในประโยคที่เราอ่าน ยกตัวอย่างคำว่า light
- เมื่อเป็น Noun แปลว่า แสงสว่าง, ไฟ, แง่มุมการมอง ฯลฯ
- เมื่อเป็น Verb แปลว่า จุดไฟ, ติดไฟ, ให้แสงสว่าง ฯลฯ
- และเมื่อเป็น adjective แปลว่า อ่อน, เบา, เบา ๆ, เบาบาง ฯลฯ
เมื่อเราอ่านพบคำศัพท์ที่เราไม่รู้จัก แต่...
- ถ้าเราแยกแยะได้ว่ามันเป็น Noun อย่างน้อยเราก็พอมองออกว่า มันต้องเป็น คน สัตว์ สิ่งของ หรือ อารมณ์ "ความ"รู้สึกนึกคิด "การ"กระทำ การพูดจา อย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง คือมันต้องมีตัวตน ที่อาจจะเป็นรูปธรรม หรือ นามธรรม ก็ได้
- หรือถ้าเรารู้ว่ามันเป็น Verb มันก็ต้องเป็นคำที่แสดงอาการทางร่างกาย คำพูด หรือความรู้สึกนึกคิดอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง
- หรือถ้าเห็นชัดว่ามันเป็น Adjective ซึ่งเป็นคำขยายลักษณะอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง เราก็พอมองออกว่า มันต้องขยายอะไรสักอย่างในประโยคนั้น เช่น ขยาย Noun ที่วางอยู่ข้างหลัง เป็นต้น
การรู้จัก part of speech จึงมีประโยชน์มากด้วยประการฉะนี้
ผมได้รวบรวมประโยคตัวอย่าง คำว่า light ซึ่งเป็นทั้ง Noun, Verb และ Adjective อย่างละประมาณ 50 ประโยค เพื่อให้ท่านได้ฝึกสังเกตตำแหน่งและฝึกแปลความหมายของมันในประโยค โดยหวังว่า เมื่อท่านไปอ่านเจอศัพท์อื่น ๆ ที่ท่านไม่รู้จัก อันดับแรกก่อนจะเดา ก็พยายามมองให้ออกว่า มันเป็นคำอะไร และนี่จะช่วยให้การเดาหรือตีความของเราง่ายขึ้น
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และข้างล่างนี้เป็นแบบฝึกหัด ให้ท่านอ่านประโยค และตอบตัวเองว่า คำว่า light หรือ lit หรือ lighted ที่ท่านเห็นในประโยคมันเป็นคำอะไร, มันทำหน้าที่เป็น ประธาน กริยา กรรม หรือส่วนขยาย (ขยายอะไร หรือถูกอะไรขยาย) และพยายามอ่านตีความให้เข้าใจให้ได้
ในคอลัมน์ท้ายประโยค ให้ท่านไฮไลท์เพื่อดูเฉลยว่า มันเป็น N → Noun, A → Adjective หรือเป็น V → Verb
ลองฝึกดูนะครับ
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1 | He stopped to light a cigarette. | V |
2 | I lit the fire and poured a drink. | V |
3 | You look nice in light colours. | A |
4 | She had blue eyes and light brown hair. | A |
5 | We saw a flash of light. | N |
6 | I couldn’t get the candles to light. | V |
7 | I wanted a lighter yellow paint for the walls. | A |
8 | We’ll keep on looking while it’s still light. | A |
9 | The porch is always well lit at night. | V |
10 | The kitchen was warm and brightly lit . | V |
11 | Everything looked grey in the dim light of the oil lamp. | N |
12 | It was seven o'clock and just starting to get light . | A |
13 | We had only a few torches between us to light the way. | V |
14 | His eye lit on a ruby ring. | V |
15 | It was seven o'clock and just starting to get light . | A |
16 | I thought I might have lit upon an ancient manuscript. | V |
17 | The kitchen was light and spacious. | A |
18 | I read by the light of the fire. | N |
19 | The office was a big light room at the back of the house. | A |
20 | The man moved forward into the light. | N |
21 | You can carry this bag – it’s fairly light. | A |
22 | The flames lit up the sky. | V |
23 | You should wear light, comfortable shoes. | A |
24 | The colours look different in different lights. | N |
25 | Ahead of us we could see the lights of the city. | N |
26 | We’re having a mixture of wall lights and ceiling lights in different parts of the house. | N |
27 | The truck was quite light and easy to drive. | A |
28 | Traffic is lighter before 8 a.m. | A |
29 | A light rain began to fall. | A |
30 | She was wearing only light make-up. | A |
31 | She took a light sweater in case the evening was cool. | A |
32 | Leaves were blowing about in the light wind. | A |
33 | There was a light easterly breeze. | A |
34 | There was a light tap at the door. | A |
35 | I switched on the light in the bedroom. | N |
36 | Don’t forget to switch the lights off when you go out. | N |
37 | Can you turn the light out downstairs? | N |
38 | The fountain is lit up at night. | V |
39 | The lights in the office were still on. | N |
40 | At night the harbour lights up. | V |
41 | The street lights were just beginning to come on. | N |
42 | Her voice was light and pleasant. | A |
43 | He left a light on in the kitchen. | N |
44 | She gave him a light kiss on the cheek. | A |
45 | He felt a light tap on his shoulder. | A |
46 | I found him some light work to do. | A |
47 | Make sure all the lights are off when you leave. | N |
48 | She only has a few light duties around the house. | A |
49 | Suddenly all the lights in the house went out . | N |
50 | The doctor has advised me to take regular light exercise. | A |
51 | As the screen lit up, he typed in his password | V |
52 | Can you turn the light down a bit? | N |
53 | His eyes lit up with laughter. | V |
54 | Suddenly a smile lit up her face. | V |
55 | We had a light white wine with the fish. | A |
56 | I had a light lunch in town. | A |
57 | Shine a light over here, will you? | N |
58 | A mischievous gleam lit up her eyes. | V |
59 | We waited for the lights to change. | N |
60 | Eventually the lights turned green. | N |
61 | The driver had failed to stop at a red light. | N |
62 | I leaned forward to light her cigarette. | V |
63 | Beat the mixture until it is light and fluffy. | A |
64 | I fell into a light sleep. | A |
65 | She’s quite a light sleeper. | A |
66 | His speech gradually became lighter in tone. | A |
67 | Osborn's Christmas display is lighted by some 30,000 colored bulbs. | V |
68 | He was dazzled by the lights of oncoming traffic. | N |
69 | You’ve left your lights on. | N |
70 | It’s a really good book if you want a bit of light reading . | A |
71 | Ricky sat down and lit a cigarette. | V |
72 | The old man struck a match and lit his pipe. | V |
73 | The show looks at some of the lighter moments from the world of politics. | A |
74 | We set out at first light the next day. | N |
75 | I’m glad you’ve arrived – we could all do with a little light relief! | A |
76 | She tried to make light of the situation, but I could tell that she was worried. | A |
77 | Could you move to the left a little – you’re standing in my light. | N |
78 | The room was lit by dozens of candles. | V |
79 | Have you got a light, please? | N |
80 | There was a murderous light in his eyes. | N |
81 | The candle fell over and set light to the barn. | N |
82 | On a lighter note, the concert raised over £300 for school funds. | A |
83 | A freezer and microwave oven can make light work of cooking. | A |
84 | This evidence did not come to light until after the trial. | N |
85 | The mistake was only brought to light some years later. | N |
86 | We searched around for twigs and fallen branches, so we could light a fire. | V |
87 | Melanie was able to shed some light on the situation. | N |
88 | She’s very agile and light on her feet. | A |
89 | These discoveries may throw new light on the origins of the universe. | N |
90 | What are you going to use to light the stage? | V |
91 | I set off for work with a light heart. | A |
92 | Carrots grow well in light soils. | A |
93 | In light of this tragic event, we have canceled the 4th of July celebrations. | N |
94 | I suddenly saw my father in a new light. | N |
95 | This incident will put the company in a very bad light. | N |
96 | At last doctors have seen the light! | N |
97 | She lit a candle. | V |
98 | The candles were lit. | V |
99 | Heat rises because hot air is lighter than cold air. | A |
100 | Some of these documents will probably never see the light of day. | N |
101 | It’s been a hard few months, but we’re finally beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel. | N |
102 | I went straight to bed and went out like a light. | N |
103 | She’s one of the leading lights of the local dramatic society. | N |
104 | Her son was the light of her life. | N |
105 | I try to have a light workout every day. | A |
106 | Jones received only a light punishment. | A |
107 | Modern tennis rackets are much lighter than old-fashioned wooden ones. | A |
108 | The light was so bright he had to shut his eyes. | N |
109 | Gradually her eyes became accustomed to the dim light. | N |
110 | I put a lighted match to the letter and watched it burn. | V |
111 | Steve took out a cigarette and lit it. | V |
112 | She has light brown hair. | A |
113 | She prepared a light lunch of salad and cheese. | A |
114 | Stand over here where the light is good. | N |
115 | The light was too poor for me to read. | N |
116 | The flowers glowed brightly in the morning light. | N |
117 | The only natural light came from two high windows. | N |
118 | The fire wouldn't light. | V |
119 | The office was windowless, lit only by artificial light. | V, N |
120 | The stage was lit by bright spotlights. | V |
121 | Our way was lit by a full moon. | V |
122 | A gleam of humour momentarily lit his face. | V |
123 | Her face lit up with pleasure. | V |
124 | She paused to light another cigarette. | V |
125 | The light from the streetlamp shone through the curtains. | N |
126 | Stacey’s face immediately lit up. | V |
127 | The room was dark now, lit only by a single candle. | V |
128 | The only light came from the fire. | N |
129 | She was light as a feather to carry, and her hands were cold as ice. | A |
130 | Some ministers are suggesting that there should be much lighter penalties for first-time offenders. | A |
131 | Light streamed in through the window. | N |
132 | Come in, I’ll light a fire and you can get warmed up. | V |
133 | The room was lit by candles. | V |
134 | He took out a pipe and lighted up before speaking. | V |
135 | Her face lit up when she saw the presents. | V |
136 | The light fell on her book. | N |
137 | A dim torch lit the cave. | V |
138 | They lit the garden with beautiful lanterns. | V |
139 | The room is lighted by two large chandeliers. | V |
140 | The hallway led to a light and spacious studio. | A |
141 | The lights in the house were all off. | N |
142 | Hundreds of candles lighted up the ballroom. | V |
143 | The sky lights up at sunset. | V |
144 | After I light the candles, we can sing "Happy Birthday." | V |
145 | They installed gas apparatus to light the factory. | V |
146 | One flick of the master switch lights all the lamps in the room. | V |
147 | The kitchen is light and airy, with a fantastic view. | A |
148 | This table lamp won't light. | V |
149 | The street lamps lit the empty road. | V |
150 | He lit his fifth cigarette in half an hour. | V |
151 | The light from the screen illuminated the people gathered round it. | N |
152 | Make sure you always park your car in busy, well lit streets. | V |
153 | A smile lit up her face. Her presence lighted up the room. | V |
154 | Why don't we light a fire? | V |
155 | Snow reflects a lot of light. | N |
156 | The stage had been lit with candles. | V |
157 | The fields and woods were bathed in golden light. | N |
158 | There was a shaft of light from the doorway. | N |
159 | The sentence was surprisingly light for such a serious offence. | A |
160 | A full moon lit up the sky. | V |
161 | The studio was light and spacious. | A |
162 | A flash of light caught his attention. | N |
163 | Laser beams lit up the night. | V |
164 | The traffic's much lighter than usual. | A |
165 | They stood in the pool of light cast by the streetlamp. | N |
166 | The damp wood refused to light. | V |
167 | They both have brown hair, but Tina's is slightly lighter. | A |
168 | She switched the kitchen light on. | N |
169 | These dry logs will light more easily. | V |
170 | I want to get home while it’s still light. | A |